Can you identify the endothelium , and underlying connective tissue of the tunica intima layer in this photograph? This diagram shows that the simple squamous epithelium of the tunica adventitia layer of the heart mesothelium is also the visceral layer of the serous pericardium. The pericardium is a two-layered connective tissue sac that encloses the heart.
The fibrous pericardium is the outer layer, and the serous pericardium is the inner layer. The space between the two layers is the pericardial cavity , that contains serous fluid. This facilitates the pumping action of the heart. First, impulses are generated by the sinoatrial node SA , which is found in the wall of the superior vena cava. Log in Sign up. Articles Cases Courses Quiz.
About Recent Edits Go ad-free. Edit article. View revision history Report problem with Article. Citation, DOI and article data. Feger, J. Reference article, Radiopaedia. URL of Article. On this page:. The Endocardial Endothelium.
Cardiac muscle tissue is also striated forming protein bands and contains tubules and gap junctions, unlike skeletal muscle tissue. Due to their continuous rhythmic contraction, cardiomyocytes require a dedicated blood supply to deliver oxygen and nutrients and remove waste products such as carbon dioxide from the cardiac muscle tissue.
This blood supply is provided by the coronary arteries. The inner layer of the heart wall is the endocardium, composed of endothelial cells that provide a smooth, elastic, non-adherent surface for blood collection and pumping. The endocardium may regulate metabolic waste removal from heart tissues and act as a barrier between the blood and the heart muscle, thus controlling the composition of the extracellular fluid in which the cardiomyocytes bathe.
This in turn can affect the contractility of the heart. This tissue also covers the valves of the heart and is histologically continuous with the vascular endothelium of the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart. The Purkinje fibers are located just beneath the endocardium and send nervous impulses from the SA and AV nodes outside of the heart into the myocardial tissues.
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